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  <h1 class="h11">五、奉行仁义[遵义章第五]</h1>
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<div class="articleContent" id="articleContent"> <p>五、奉行仁义[遵义章第五]</p>
<p>牧人以德者集，绳人以刑者散；小宝不赏则大功不立；小怨不赦则大怨必生；赏不服人，罚不甘心者叛；赏及无功，罚及无罪者酷；听谗而美，闻谏而仇者亡；能有其有者安，贪人之有者残。</p>
<p>在部下面前显示高明，一定会遭到愚弄。有过错而不能自知，一定会受到蒙蔽。走入迷途而不知返回正道，一定是神志惑乱。因为语言招致怨恨，一定会有祸患。思想与政令矛盾，一定会坏事。政令前后不一，一定会失败。发怒却无人畏惧，一定会受到侵犯。喜欢当众侮辱别人，一定会有灾难。对手下的大将罚之过当，一定会有危险。怠慢应受尊重的人，一定会招致不幸。表面上关系密切，实际上心怀异志的，一定会陷于孤独。亲近谗慝，远离忠良，一定会灭亡。亲近女色，疏远贤人，必是昏瞆目盲。女子干涉大政，一定会有动乱。</p>
<p>随便将官职到处乱送，政治就会出现乱相。欺凌下属而获得胜利的，自己也一定会受到下属的侵犯。所享受的名声超过自己的实际才能，即使耗尽精力也治理不好事务。对自己马虎，对别人求全责备的，无法处理事务。对自己宽厚，对别人刻薄的，一定被众人遗弃。因为小饼失便取消别人的功劳的，一定会大失人心。部下纷纷有离异之心，必定沦亡。既然用了人却不给予信任，必定导致关系疏远。论功行赏时吝啬小气，形于颜色，必定使人感到沮丧。承诺多，兑现少，必招致怨恨。起初竭诚欢迎，末了又拒于门外，一定会恩断义绝。</p>
<p>给予别人很少，却希望得到厚报的，一定会大失所望。富贵之后就忘却贫贱时候的情状，一定不会长久。念及别人旧恶，忘记其所立新功的，一定遭来大凶。任用邪恶之徒，一定会有危险。勉强用人，一定留不住人。用人无法摆脱人情纠结，政事必越理越乱。失去自己的优势，力量必然削弱。处理问题、制定决策时向不仁之人问计，必有危险。秘密的计划泄露出去，一定会失败。横征暴敛、薄施寡恩，一定会衰落。奋勇征战的将士生活贫穷，鼓舌摇唇的游士安享富贵，国势一定会衰落。贿赂政府官员的事到处可见，政治必定十分昏暗。知道别人的优点长处却不重视，对别人的缺点错误反而耿耿于怀的，则是作风粗暴。使用的人不堪信任，信任的人又不能胜任其职，这样的政治一定很混浊。</p>
<p>依靠道德的力量来治理人民，人民就会团 结；若一味地依靠刑法来维持统治，则人民将离散而去。小的功劳不奖赏，便不会建立大功劳；小的怨恨不宽赦，大的怨恨便会产生。奖赏不能服人，处罚不能让人甘心，必定引起叛乱；赏及无功之人，罚及无罪之人，就是所谓的残酷。听到谗佞之言就十分高兴，听到忠谏之言便心生怨恨，一定灭亡。藏富于民，以百姓的富有作为本身的富有，这样才会安定；欲壑难填，总是贪求别人所有的，必然残民以逞。</p> </div>
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